Braille system

As many may already know, the Braille system is a very important tool used by visually impaired people in order to express themselves, to learn and to increase their independency level. These achievements are mostly done through writing and reading a system of small raised dots, basically based on six dots numbered in a specific order, where each one or every combination of dots is associated to a letter of the alphabet. Gradually, it is used in many aspects of life, such as mathematics, music, literature, ect. Indeed, from the Canadian National Institute for the blind's web site, I recently learned where this significant invention came from. First of all, this creation had been made by Louis Braille, who was born in 1809, in Coupvray situated near Paris. His father was a shoemaker. One day, while Louis was playing in his father's atelier, he accidently poked his eye with a sharp tool mainly used to make holes in leather (called awl). After this incident, he was not able to see with his injured eye. Unfortunately, some time later, the infection spread in the other eye, which involved his entire loss of vision. Then, he went to an institute specialised for people having severe vision troubles, where it was not yet possible for the students to write; only to read from mentally bringing letters together, letters made by pressing shaped coppers wire onto a piece of paper. Later, Charles Barbier de la Serre tried to implant his French army system of night communication, but it was too complicated. However, Louis Braille inspired himself with the rejected invention, and then, he finally settled up his own system, and eventually published his method in 1829, called Braille. Then, today, his creation is known all across the world, not only by visually impaired ones, which is really great since it takes away some communication and knowledge barriers between people.

(Picture: http://www.item21.net/portal/images/stories/item21/Braille.jpg )

Human nature

To pursue the central idea of the previous post, the unequal approach towards visually impaired people is obviously present in our society. Many prefer to continue to believe speculations about individuals from this minority group instead of creating their own opinion through frequent exposures to them, and this, without earlier judgments. Insteed, this comportment reflects one of the aspects of human nature, where people often select a scapegoat, someone or a group that is not treated in the same way. In fact, many short story authors reveal human behaviours through figurative language. In Cathedral, written in 1983 by Raymond Carver, the prejudices of an ignorant guy towards a blind man are clearly noticeable. In this story, the man had formed his perception of his wife's friend by an accumulation of rumours from inaccurate sources. This reality is already shown as soon as the blind man arrives; the other character talked to himself and said that ¨his being blind borther (him, his) idea of blindness came from the movies (;) in the movies, the blind moved slowly and never laughed (and) sometimes, they were led by seeing-eye dogs (, then,) a blind man in (his) house was not someting (he) looked forward to ¨(77, The Art of the shorty story). Brief, this short story is another allusion to this problem, where the difference is not always accepted as well as it should since they are humans after all; they have the right to live and be respected. Furthermore, since 87% of the world's visually impaired live in the developing countries; the poorest and the most populated ones (estimated by World Health Organization), a large number of people may be categorized as being included in an additional minority group. As a result, when these individuals immigrate, they may certainly feel much more excluded and being under a certain control of a dominant group in terms of social status, education, employment, etc. Then, adding this further difference may seriously leads to a really worse quality of life.

(Picture: http://amarjyotitrust.org/ )

Communication skills

This decade, this year, this week.....and even today, visually impaired ones are still judged by people from the vast word surrounding them. Blind humans are often victims of discrimination because of prejudices accumulated in unaware others' mind mainly due to external illusory sources, such as movies, books and rumours. In addition, some studies, such as ¨Public awareness of visually impaired persons communication skills¨ one, have confirmed scientists' hypothesis, which brings them to strongly suggest that people think that a blind person is unable to communicate. They are also perceived as not being able to act and think normally since mobility and orientation are big challenges for them. According to the data collected from this experiment, 70% of the participants believed that the verbal communication with visually impaired individual was impossible while only 30% thought the opposite. These percentages explicitly support that most choose to follow an uncertain view instead of gradually creating their own perception and avoiding generalization when they met only one unpleasant person from this minority group. Then, indeed, the fact that they do not see or have severe vision trouble do not mean that they are not able to talk, to hear or to use body language in order to make them understood, they are humans, they have an opinon and... a mind.

( Picture : www.superstock.com/stock-photos-images/1828R-12838 )

Vitamin A Deficiency

New stats have been found, it was discovered that over 70% of child who contract blindness would be the cause vitamin A.  This 70% was made over 500 000 people.  Which is quite a large group, this ratio is a  good sample and makes the stats even more credible.  This vitamin A problem and blindness contraction would be because of xerophthalmia. This is the scientific word to describe the blindness.  This would eventually lead to a blind child or a very low vision of some sort.

http://www.lighthouse.org/about-low-vision-blindness/causes-of-blindness/

Children with Severe Visual Impairements

A lot of children in school who have visual impairements can be easily corrected by glasses, but some do have very severe loss of vision should have the tools to be able to perform the same tasks.  For some it is harder, people suggest that they should be taught to type for them to write and be allowed a keyboard for any kind of writing.  I think this should be a must for these students so that they have an equal opportunity or atleast a better chance to succeed.  Teachers should be well aware of these students and should help them by having them closer to the teacher and the blackboard so they can hear better.  As an example if a teacher is doing a lesson on fractions, and tries to explain 1/4 then the student should be allowed the pie to reinforce the comprehension of the lesson.  For me this is a good way to better comprehend the material but should be given to every child in the room.  To conclude vision loss isn't that easy to comfront and for children this can be much harder than people think. 

http://www.helium.com/items/778054-teaching-children-with-visual-impairments

Presentation

Hello everyone !

The main concept of our blog would be to mention interesting data related to visually impaired people, mostly shown through statistics, facts and explanations, and this, in order to make you, readers, more aware of their life conditions and their additional preoccupations involved. As many already know, visually impaired groups are not only composed of blind people, in fact, there are subclasses of vision levels according to the trouble's cause and severity, often called moderate visual impairment, severe visual impairment and blindness, including refractive errors with blurred vision and the total loss of sight. Moreover, I recently learned from Global statistics on blindness and vision impairment website that two thirds of blind people worldwide are women or girls, which is obviously disconcerting. Furthermore, on National Coalition for vision health website I saw another alarming statistic indicating that 68% of people with vision loss, aged between fifteen and sixty-four years old, do not have employment. This approximation may strongly support that they are still part of a minority group that has to face discrimination from others.

Critical Stats!

It is found that worldwide, about 314 million people are visually impaired.  The other shocking fact I found was that of that 314 million people, about 14% are blind, which is about 45 million. As we will continue to search about economic costs and how much money is spent each year for glasses, there is an important statistics that I found concerning people with visual problems.  90% of people with eye problems come from low income countries.  People do not always have that much money to be able to buy glasses each year.  People then suffer major eye problem when getting older.